Montane and Forest Ecosystems
The largest coastal forest in East Africa, home to endemic species and diverse flora.
Introduction to the Montane Ecosystem in Kenya: A Wildlife Perspective
Biologically rich and ecologically vital highland landscapes, supporting endemic wildlife and serving as critical water towers
Kenya's forest and montane ecosystems include diverse habitats such as the Afro-montane forests of Mount Kenya, Mau, and Aberdares, the Eastern Arc Mountains of Chyulu and Taita Hills, tropical rainforests like Kakamega, and coastal dry forests like Arabuko Sokoke. These montane regions are ecologically rich, hosting rare and endangered species such as the mountain bongo, Taita thrush, and African golden cat, alongside elephants, leopards, and diverse birdlife. The forests also support vital ecological functions, including pollination, seed dispersal, and nutrient cycling, making them biodiversity hotspots. As key wildlife corridors and water towers, they sustain downstream ecosystems and human livelihoods. However, they face growing threats from human encroachment, logging, and climate change, highlighting the urgency of conservation efforts such as reforestation and community stewardship
Data Snapshot
Climate Profile
Why It Matters
- Kenya's forest and montane ecosystems are critical water towers feeding the country's major rivers and supplying water to millions.
- They host irreplaceable endemic species (mountain bongo, Taita thrush, African golden cat) and act as biodiversity hotspots.
- Forest loss directly drives downstream water scarcity, soil erosion, climate variability, and human-wildlife conflict in adjacent landscapes.
Montane Ecosystem Distribution
Map Layers
400,000
Forest Area (hectares)
5,199m
Max Altitude
5
Water Towers
1
Active Layers